Agricultural Sciences Memo 2 (English)

November 2020 — Grade 12 / Matric — Agricultural Sciences

Memo 2020 Grade 12 English Agricultural Sciences Hub →

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1.2.5(5 x 2\ (10\

1.3.5Mark et qu ilibrium Casual /temporary Geneti

1.4.5Gr en eco sustainable agricultural mark et

2.1Fun ctions of marketing

2.1.1Identifi cation of the marketing function Transport ation Packag

2.1.2TWO guidelines of packaging rovide information about the product identification onvenient for handling/containment iodegradable/recyclable

2.1.3TWO advantages of processing Increases the value of the product Overcome over supply of the product Allows easier packaging and handling of product

2.2.1Line graph 10 15 20 25 30 35 100

2.2.2Identification of the product reflecting law of demand Product 1 (1\

2.2.3Justification The lower the price, the higher the demand OR The higher t he price, the lower the demand Any 1\ (1\

2.2.4Indication of the form of elasticity PRODUCT 1 Price elasticity of demand PRODUCT 2 Price inelasticity of demand (1\

2.2.5Reason PRODUCT emand changed drastically with change in price PRODUCT

2.3Free market system

2.3.1dvantage of a free marketing system to the consumer onsumer can benefit from better quality products/ fresh produce

2.3.2TWO disadvantages of free marketing system for the producer Greater price fluctuation High market costs as

2.3.3TWO free marketing channel Farm gate marketing Fresh produce markets Stock sales auction

2.4Marketing chain

2.4.1Identification of the marketing chain Supply /Agri business chain (1\

2.4.2Factor that may hamper the marketing at stage E Spoilage/perishability /lack of storage facilities Accidents/theft (Any 1\ (1\

2.4.3TWO ways to improve agri business chain Improving road infrastructure Improving access to market information Providing storage facilities to prevent oversupply Processing products close to where they are produced to

2.5Entrepreneur ship

2.5.1Person characteristics of an entrepreneur (a\ Innovation (b\

2.5.2TWO phases of entrepreneurial process Identification of the business opportunities Evaluating the opportunity Developing a business plan planning Resource mobilization

2.5.3TWO problems of drawing up a business plan ncomplete /incorrect financials details Vagu e business plan Unrealistic assumptions

3.1apital

3.1.1Identification of the type of credit Long term credit (1\

3.1.2Explanation of long term credit sed to buy fixed capital assets epayable over a period of 10

3.1.3Problems related to capital Capital is scarce Total amount due is h igh capital is expensive High r isk factor

3.1.4TWO other ways of creating capital Savings Production /sales Grants Inheritance Gifts/ donation/ lottery

3.2Management

3.2.1Definition of management The effective combination/coordination of resources to achieve a specific goal/maximise profit (2\

3.2.2THREE main components of management Set goals Planning Organising /coordination/i mplementation Directing/l

3.3External forces that effect a business

3.3.1Economic force (1\

3.3.2Legal force (1\

3.3.3So io ultur forc

3.3.4Environmental force (1\

3.3.5Te ch nologi cal force (1\ Agricultural Sciences

3.4Labour legislation

3.4.1THREE aspects in the contract of a farm worker Details of the employee Leave Working hours Working on Sundays /public holidays Daily and weekly rest periods /meal intervals

3.4.2Indication of the legislations (a\ Occupational Health and Safety Act (Act 85 of 1993\ (b\ Labour Relations Act (Act 66 of 1995\ (1\ (1\

3.5Land

3.5.1Indication of an economic characteristic of land represented Land cannot be destroyed/indestructibility (1\

3.5.2Othe r THREE economic characteristic of land Land is subject to the law of diminishing returns Land is durable Land can be bought/sold /has

3.5.3TWO methods to improve land productivity Water supply /provision Farming land more efficiently/ onsolidation of uneconomic farm units Improving soil fertility

3.6Budget

3.6.1Identifi cation of (a\ (b\ Fixed costs Insurance Variable costs

3.6.2Calculation of a profit/loss Profit los Total

3.6.3TWO types of budget Whole farm budget Enterprise budget Partial budget (Any 2\ (2\ [35] QUESTION35

4.1Monohybrid crossing

4.1.1Determination of the female genotype bb (1\

4.1.2Punnet square Bb Bb

4.1.3Identification of the type of dominance Complete dominance (1\

4.1.4eason Black colour is dominant over white colour/white colour is recessive to black colour one allele ma sks/over shadows the other (1\

4.2Dihybrid crossing

4.2.1Identif ication of the type of crossing Dihybrid crossing (1\

4.2.2EASON This crossing involves two different characteristics/ colour and shape (1\ Agricultural Sciences

4.2.3ONE of the offspring which is different from that of parents BBRr BBRR BbRR Any 1\ (1\

4.3Pedigree diagram

4.3.1Indication of homozygous or heterozygous Homozygous (1\

4.3.2Reason to motivate for homozygous Similar alleles (1\

4.3.3Determination of (a\ phenotype: 1 red 2 pink

4.4Variation

4.4.1Indication of the genetic phenomenon Variation (1\

4.4.2Definition of the genetic phenomenon The difference that occurs amongst individuals of the same species ifference in the genotype and phenotype of the same species (Any 1\

4.4.3THREE environmental factors Soil factors Temperature Light intensity Diseases and pests Moisture /water

4.4.4Scientific term for the improvement Heterosis hybrid vigour (1\

4.4.5The type of breeding system Cross breeding (1\

4.5Polygenic inheritance

4.5.1Definition of polygen ic inheritance Characteristic that is determined by many different genes (2\

4.5.2Determination of the height of an AABB 30 cm 10 cm 10

4.5.3THREE different ge notypes of a 50 cm tomato plant AAbb aaBB AaBb (3\

4.6Geneti modifi on

4.6.1TWO techniques th at can be used to modify plants Agro bacterium tumefaciens/b acterial carriers Viral carriers Biolistic Calcium phosphate precipitation

4.6.2TWO advantages of GM crops Improving the shelf life of produce Improving the nutritional value of food More resistance to insects/pests/diseases Resistance to weed killers More resistance to adverse environmental influences

4.6.3TWO disadvantages of GM crops Hea th risks Environmental risks Personal/e thical socio

Topics Identified

Plant ProductionAgricultural ManagementSoil Science

Mark Allocation

Total105 marks

Sections35 + 35 + 35 = 105 marks

Paper information

SubjectAgricultural Sciences

Year2020

SessionNovember

TypeMemo

PaperPaper 2

LanguageEnglish

Pages10

Downloads5

Examination context

Decade2020s

Years ago6y

SeasonSpring (SH)

Start dayThursday

Exam periodNovember 2020

Days since exam2,178

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