Geography Memo 1 (English)
May-June 2017 — Grade 12 / Matric — Geography
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Q1— Section header —
1.1.1C/overcast (1\
1.1.2C/thunderstorms (1\
1.1.3B/cumulonimbus (1\
1.1.4C/south easterly (1\
1.1.5B/north east (1\
1.1.6A/ridging from the Atlantic Ocean (1\
1.1.7D/uneven distribution of cold and warm air masses (1\ (7 x 1\7\
1.2.1I/Tributary (1\
1.2.2C/Watershed (1\
1.2.3H/Confluence (1\
1.2.4E/Rapids (1\
1.2.5F/Porous (1\
1.2.6A/Groundwater (1\
1.2.7D/Impermeable (1\
1.2.8G/Water table (1\ (8 x 1\8\
1.3.1Mid latitude cyclone /Frontal Depression (1\ ACCEPT: mid latitude depression extra tropical cyclone temperate cyclone (1\ (1 x 1\1\
1.3.2Position: found between 30 S and 50 S (2 Situated W/WSW of South Africa (2\ Presence of the cold front (2\ The shape of the cloud formation (2\ [ANY ONE] (1 x 2\2
1.3.3Driven by the westerlies (westerly wind belt\ therefore moves from west to east /eastwards (2 (1 x 2\2
1.3.4Northward migration of pressure belts during South African winter (2\ Northward migration of westerly wind belt during South African winter (2\ Mid latitude cyclone drawn northwards during South African winter and passes
1.3.51 mark for diagram showing steep cold front and any 3 labels] (4 x 1\4\
1.3.6Increased rainfall improves crop yields (2\ ncreasing the growth of trading produce for both large scale and small scale farmers in winter (2\ Increased rainfall improves dam water levels allowing for more water to be made
1.4.125,9 (1\ (1 x 1\1\
1.4.2The materials used (concrete, glass, steel\ to construct buildings in the CBD retain more heat (2 Artificial conditioning (climatic controls\ of air creates a microclimate within each building (2\ Use of non
1.4.3The air temperatures between the buildings are slightly cooler due to the channelling of air /wind between buildings (2\
1.4.4edevelopment Create more green belts around the CBD in open spaces e.g. parks gardens (2\ Taller building should be encouraged to have roof top gardens (2\ Large pot plants/trees at intersections between taller buildings (2\
1.5.1Water moving on the surface of the earth after a period of rainfall (precipitation\ (1\ [CONCEPT] (1 x 1\1\
1.5.2Urban /A (1\ (1 x 1\1\
1.5.3The impermeable surface of the urban area promotes more overland flow than infiltration (2\ The drainage systems in the urban area is man made (2\ Surface flow is artificially channelled (2\
1.5.4(a\ The forested surface (C\ has more vegetation and therefore increases the rate of interception that results in less run off (2\
1.5Urban Increased amounts of vegetation to intercept the excess run off and promote infiltration (2\ Create green belts (2\ Use porous
1.6.1When a more energetic river captures the headwaters of a less energetic river (1\ When one river steals/robs the headwaters of another river (1\ When a river flowing at a lower level intercepts the water of
1.6.2Headward erosion is taking place (1\ Tributary of river A is cutting back through watershed (1\ [ANY ONE] (1 x 1\1\
1.6.3Greater volume of water (1\ Erosive ability increases (1\ Drainage basin becomes larger (1\ Will be rejuvenated/more energetic/greater velocity (1\ [ANY TWO (2 x 1\2\
1.6.4River A flows at a lower level than iver B (2\ River A could be flowing on softer rock (thus eroding faster\ that iver B (2\ River A could be in a higher rainfall area than iver B (2\ Tributaries of iver A flow
1.6.5Less water for irrigation of crops (2\ Reduced yields due to the lack water (2\ Increase c ost to obtain sufficient water (2\
Q2— Section header —
2.1.1(1\
2.1.2South Indian H igh Pressure/Mauritius High Pressure Cell (1\
2.1.3Indian Ocean (1\
2.1.4Kalahari High Pressure/Continental High Pressure Cell (1\
2.1.5rising (1\
2.1.6(1\
2.1.7strong (subsidence\ (1\
2.1.8above (1\ (8 x 1\8\
2.2.1C (1\
2.2.2A (1\
2.2.3(1\
2.2.4(1\
2.2.5D (1\
2.2.6(1\
2.2.7A (1\ (7 x 1\7\
2.3.1Katabatic ACCEPT Downslope wind/Gravit wind (1\ (1 x 1\1\
2.3.2Cold air becomes dense and sinks (1\ Gravity (1\ Pressure differ ences at crest and valley floor/Pressure gradient (1\ [ANY ONE] (1 x 1\1\
2.3.3Friction (2\ Slows the downward movement of air (2\ [ANY ONE] (1 x 2\ (2\
2.3.4The dense, cooler air collects on the valley floor (2\ Warmer air is displaced upwards (2\ (2 x 2\4\
2.3.5Positive Influence on Valley Floor Radiation fog that covers the valley floor increases the level of moisture available to plants (2\ Melting frost is a source of water, keeps the soils moist (2\ Extreme cold kills unwanted pests (2\
2.4.1Air circulation is anti clockwise around a low pressure (1\ Hurricane is a name used in the Northern Hemisphere (1\ (1 x 1\ (1\
2.4.215 km to 17 km (1\ (1 x 1\ (1\
2.4.3Subsiding air in the eye creates stable conditions (2\ Rapidly rising air around the centre of the eye results in upper air divergence (2\ [ANY ONE] (1 x 2\2\
2.4.4Latent Heat (2\ Heat released during condensation (2\ [ANY ONE] (1 x 2\2\
2.4.5Wind speeds reach hurricane strength/Very strong winds (2\ Thunderstorms/Torrential rainfall /Intense/heaviest rainfall (2\ Spiralling bands of cumulonimbus c louds (2\ Low air pressure conditions (2\
2.4.62 marks for dangerous semi circle in the north east 2 marks for air movement (2 x 2\4\
2.5.1The volume of water that passes a point in the river (in a specific time\ (1\ [CONCEPT] (1 x 1\1\
2.5.2Lower course (1\ (1 x 1\1\
2.5.3Gentle gradient, therefore water spreads over a wider area (2\ Deposition makes the river shallower (2\ Lateral erosion occurs (2\ [ANY ONE] (1 x 2\2\
2.5.4Many tributaries leading to the main river before the lower course (2\ Lower course has a higher stream order (2\ Supplementation from groundwater /base flow (2\ The gentle gradient slows down the velocity, water accumulates and volume
2.5.5Increase of Rainfall on Depth Depth increases (2\ Increase in volume will remove already deposited materials (2\ Less materials would be deposited increasing the depth (2\ More surface run off and overland increase the volume of water in the lower
2.6.1The control of water thirsty alien plant infestations (1\ Wetland restoration (1\ (2 x 1\2\
2.6.2drought is an ever present risk (2\ Water requirements and supply is at threat (2\ There are problems with the quality of water (2\ There are problems with the supply of water (2\ South African s have a limited supply of potable water
2.6.3Wetland restoration will improve the quality of ground water that is fed into the South African river systems (2\ Less polluted water will reach the ground water and this will increase water quality in South African river systems (2\
2.6.4Landfills pollute and reduce the supply and quality of ground water in catchment areas (2\ Mining activities e.g.(AMD Acid Mine Drainage\ pollute and reduce the supply and quality of ground water in catchment areas (2\
Q3— Section header —
3.3.1Land is given back (1\ Land restitution is the process whereby people whose land had been taken away (1\ CONCEPT] (1 x 1\1\
3.3.2A law which segregated racial groups on the basis of where they were allowed to live in South Africa (
3.1.1/hamlet (1\
3.1.2/site (1\
3.1.3/km (1\
3.1.4/religion (1\
3.1.5/function of the settlement (1\
3.1.6/higher ground (1\
3.1.7/bridging point settlement (1\ (7 x 1\7\ 13
3.3.31994 (1\ (1 x 1\1\
3.3.4Land restitution is taking a long time (2\ Land restitution in South Africa has been occurring at a slow pace (2\ Land restitution not yet implemented everywhere in South Africa (2\ Various constituencies (groups of people\ still discussing issues related to
3.3.5Disagreement between government and traditional leaders about the extent of land to be restored to communities (2\ There is a lack of post settlement support from government (training, equipment, infrastructure, financial aid\ (2\
3.4.1settlement that provides urban goods and services to the surrounding rural settlements /population (1\ [CONCEPT] (1 x 1\1\
3.4.2The threshold population refers to the minimum number of customers that is needed to make a busines profitable whilst a sphere of influence refers to the area
3.4.3(a\ ustomer C (2\ (1 x 2\2\ (b\ Customer C is further away from the goods and services and travels a larger distance to do his/her shopping
3.4If number of customers is greater than the required threshold population, the profit margin will be greater (2\ The more people above the threshold population, the greater the profit margin of your business
3.4.5The sphere of influence will increase (2\ People will travel a greater distance to the central place to make use of the service (2\ [ANY TWO] x 2\ (
3.5.1small scale farmer is someone who farms on a small piece of land (1\ [CONCEPT] (1 x 1\ (1\
3.5.2(a\ Subsistence (2 (1 x 2\2\ (b\ Traditional farming implements (2\ Manual labour (2\ Farming on a small plot of land (2\ Lack of affordability with examples (2\ More land (2\ [ANY ONE] (1 x 2\2
3.5.3Utilises a small plot of land (2\ Lacking in mechanisation (2\ Possible illegal farming (2\ ANY ONE x 2\2\
3.5Small scale far ming helps to create employment (2\ Small scale farming provides an income (2\ Small scale farming addresses food security issues (2\
3.6.1Development of 8 new industrial areas in the Durban Pinetown Region (1\ Cornubia Industrial Park (1\ [ANY ONE] (1 x 1\1\
3.6.2Sugar cane (1\ Dairy products (1\ Beef (1\ Subtropical fruit (1\ Wood (1\ Crude oil (1\ [ANY ONE] (1 x 1\1\
3.6.3will generate new job opportunities (1\ 000 short term construction jobs (1\ [ANY ONE] (1 x 1\1\
3.6.4Decreases the unemployment rate /Creates employment (2\ Develops the local economy by creating more income amongst the locals (2\ educe poverty (2\ Raise standards
3.6.5The roads (N2\ are well developed (accessible\ and been upgraded to support greater volumes of traffic (2\ Harbour which supports imports and exports close by (2\
3.6.6It has many break of bulk industries due to the coastal location (harbour\ (2\ The industries process raw materials that are imported e.g. oil/chemicals/leather (2\ Finished products are exported (sugar/maize products/leather products/
Q4— Section header —
4.1.1/Village (1\
4.1.2/Conurbation (1\
4.1.3/Farmstead (1\
4.1.4/Metropolis (1\
4.1.5Town (1\
4.1.6/Nucleated settlement (1\
4.1.7/Megalopolis (1\ (7 x 1\ (7\
4.2.1tertiary (1\
4.2.2secondary (1\
4.2.3agriculture (1\
4.2.4finance (1\
4.2.5secondary
4.2.6platinum (1\
4.2.7manufacturing (1\
4.2.8tertiary (1\ (8 x 1\8\
4.3.1Movement of people from rural to urban areas (1\ CONCEPT] 1 x 1\ (1\
4.3.2It represents the PULL factors (that which attracts people to urban areas\ (1\ x 1\ (
4.3Soil erosion (1\ No roads (1\ Poor crops (1\ [ANY TWO] 17
4.3Rural depopulation (2\ Ageing population (2\ Population imbalances (2\ Decline /closure of services (2\ Deterioration of infrastructure (2\ Unused resources/farmland (2\
4.3.5Meeting the basic needs/RDP (2\ Comprehensive Rural Development Programme (CCRP\ Agenda 21/NDP (2\ Provide quality services e.g. schools (2\ Upgrade infrastructure to improve accessibility (2\
4.4.1Traffic congestion (1\ [CONCEPT] 1 x 1\ (1\
4.4.2Phrase 1/ Dad, I wish our car had a bike lane so we could go fast (1\ Phrase 2/ I am glad I don
4.4.3Air pollution (1\ Noise pollution (1\ Global Warming (1\ Heat islands are intensified (1\ [ANY TWO] x 1\ (
4.4Faster than sitting in traffic (2\ Travelling by bicycle is more environmentally friendly (2\ Not costly to manage/no fuel required (2\ Easy to manage traffic (2\ More and more people living in/around the city
4.4Lift clubs /Carpooling (more than one passenger per car\ (2\ Development of affordable, reliable public transport (2\ Working flexi time (shifts\ instituted in companies/private sector (2\ Congestion tax for entering/parking in the CBD (2\
4.5.1Extremely busy corridor (1\ High trade value between South Africa and Mozambique R25,1 billion in 2011 (1\ A total of 4,6 million people, 730 000 vehicles and 87 000 trucks cross the border annually (1\
4.5.2Pretoria Witwatersrand Vereeniging (PWV Gauteng (1\ (1 x 1\1\ 19
4.5.3N4 toll road (1\ Rail corridor (1\ The Lebombo /Ressano Garcia border post (1\ The port and terminal facilities at the Port of Maputo (1\ [ANY TWO]
4.5.4(a\ Most of the goods and products from South Africa transported along the Maputo Corridor are exported most of the trade a long the Maputo Corridor is
4.5Shorter route to an international market (2\ Reduces transport costs (2\ Reduces time (2\ Substantial investments been made over the time period since its inception he N4 toll road being completed (and well maintained\ (2\
4.6.1The informal sector is unregulated/unregistered and does not pay SARS (1\ [CONCEPT] (1 x 1\ (1\ 20
4.6.2ecrease (1 x 1\1\
4.6.3laws changing (2\ Land use changing over time (2\ Urban renewal (2\ To decrease/eradicate urban blight (2\ It relieves congestion (2\ Offered better trading facilities/zones elsewhere (2\
4.6.4Net monthly income decreases (2\ Decrease in income creates economic hardship amongst households (2\ Poverty increases (2\ Lower standards of living (2\ Cost of goods being
4.6.5Women make up a growing proportion of the population, so need to be actively involved in the economy (2\ Many households in South Africa are headed up by women, so women need to be more economically active to support dependants (2\
Topics Identified
6
GeomorphologyClimatologySettlementEconomic GeographyMapworkPopulation
Mark Allocation
Total225 marks
Sections75 + 75 + 75 + 75 = 300 marks
Paper information
SubjectGeography
Year2017
SessionMay-June
TypeMemo
PaperPaper 1
LanguageEnglish
Pages21
Downloads5
Examination context
Decade2010s
Years ago9y
Season—
Start day—
Exam period—
Days since exam—
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