Agricultural Sciences Memo 2 (English)

May-June 2019 — Grade 12 / Matric — Agricultural Sciences

Memo 2019 Grade 12 English Agricultural Sciences Hub →

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🎯 150 marks 📄 11 pages 📝 72 items found 📚 4 topics

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Q1— Section header —

1.1.10(10 x 2\ (20\

1.2.5(5 x 2\ (10\

1.3.5Surplus /oversupply /overproduction Price f luctuation Genetics Prepotency Recessive gene

1.4.5Equilibrium Land Phenotype Internal Progeny (5 x 1\ (5\ TOTAL SECTION A:

Q2— Section header —

2.1arketing system

2.1.1Identification of the marketing system operative (1\

2.1.2Types of operative marketing system Services co operatives Financial operatives Commercial/consumer co

2.1.3Difference between Marketing Long term strategy that involves all activities associated with production, pricing, promoting and istribution elling Exchanging

2.1.4TWO problems hampering agricultural marketing chain of products Perishability/spoilage Transportation

2.2emand of products in relation to price

2.2.1den tification of the graphs (a\ Graph B (b\ Graph A (1\

2.2.2Justification of the answers (a\ Graph B A change in price resulted in no/little change in demand (b\ Graph A A change in price resulted in huge

2.2THREE other factors that may cause elasticity of demand Nature of the produce Availability of substitute products Proportion of consumer s budget spent on the item Time period (Any 3\

2.3ruit sold at different quantities and prices

2.3.1Line graph Criteria/rubric/marking guidelines Correct heading axis: Correctly calibrated with label (Quantities\ axis: Correctly calibrated with label (Price\ Correct units (R and Pockets Line graph

2.3Deduction of the relationship between the price and the quantity of fruit demanded The higher the price of the fruit the lower the quantities of fruit demanded The lower the price of the fruit

2.4Business plan

2.4.1TWO reasons for drawing up a business plan To test the feasibility of the business To check the economic viability To d etermine the financial needs To secure funding To guide operations /outlines roles and responsibilities

2.4.2THREE items included in a format of a good business plan Title /cover page Summary of enterprise details/address/name Sum mary of business plan/strategy

2.4.3TWO problems encountered when drawing up a business plan Insufficient research Too generic Gaps/ incomplete/too much information/vague Insufficient technical details Unrealistic assumptions/projections

2.5Entrepreneurship

2.5.1Identification of the THREE phases of the entrepreneurial process Identifying an opportunity earch on what is needed /resource mobilisation Production and profit

2.5.2THREE personal characteristics of a successful entrepreneur Innovati /creativ ity Confidence Identify opportunity

Q3— Section header —

3.1Land

3.1Identif ication of the economic characteristic of land Law of diminishing return (1\

3.1.2he implication of the economic characteristic of land When land reaches its maximum point of production cannot produce beyond its production potential

3.1TWO ways a farmer can improve productivity of land Improve soil fertility Water management Change in cropping practices and farming systems Restoring land potential Farm land more efficient/consolidation of uneconomic units

3.1THREE functions of land as a factor in agricultural production Source of raw materials Provide space Food security Source of minerals Can be used as a collateral (Any 3\

3.2Labour

3.2.1TWO types of labourers employed on farms Permanent /full time Temporary /part time (1\

3.2.2TWO main reasons for the loss of farm labour Poor working conditions Long working hours Exposure to harsh conditions Lack of career opportunities /education and training Physically demanding Poor wages

3.2.3TWO ways in which farmers retain their labourers Provision of better working conditions Reasonable working hours Provision of

3.3abour legislation

3.3.1Skills Development Act (97 of 1998\ (1\

3.3.2Occupational Health and Safety Act (85 of 1993\

3.3.3Compensation for Occupational Injuries and Diseases Act (130 of 1993\ (1\ inancial record of an enterprise Identif ication of the record Enterprise b

3.4Reason Showing estimates of the expected income and expenditure of the enterprise

3.4.3Calculat ion of the net income for this enterprise (with formula\ Net income Income xpenditure = R77 500 R143 564

3.4.4

3.4TWO possible ways to make the enterprise viable Reduce the cost Change to an enterprise with a lower running costs Sell at a higher price/better marketing (Any 2\ Risk in a f arming business

3.5.1THREE types of risk in the farming industry Technical/p roduction Financial Market and price Political/policy risks (Any 3\

3.5kill the manager needs in identifying the risks Conceptual Analytical (Any 1\

3.5TWO strategies to reduce the impact of risk Insuring against risk Risk sharing Diversification Processing/value adding Flexibility Future contracts/hedging

3.5THREE main principles for successful management Planning Implementation Organisation oordination Decision making Control (Any 3\ [35]35

Q4— Section header —

4.1epresentation of the genotypes for different generation

4.1.1 Parent with red phenotype Female REASON The parent with R for red colour /indicated y RR (1\

4.1

4.2hybrid crossing

4.2rai ts that are being investigated Hair colour Length of hair (1\

4.2enotype of a bull (2\

4.3Scenario on variation

4.3Identif ication of the (a\ Genetic factor of variation Genotype (b\ Environmental factor of variation Feeding/nutrition (1\

4.3elationship between feed restriction and average weight gain The higher the level of feed restrictions the

4.3Hypothesis of this investigation There is no effect of genotype and feeding on growth performance Genotype and feeding reduce growth performance Genotype and feeding increase growth performance (Any 1\

4.4reeding sys tems applied in cattle farming

4.4Identification of the breeding systems Crossbreeding Inbreeding (1\ (1\

4.4Breeding system that promotes heterosis (1\

4.4TWO disadvantages of inbreeding Loss of vigo r/performance/inbreed ing depression Loss of fertility enetic variation decline Increase

4.4Letter of the breeding system (1\

4.5Selection

4.5Definition of selection Process of choosing/i dentifying specific individuals or their desired characteristics/traits (2\

4.5Type of selection in nature Natural (1\

4.5THREE characteristic selected for in animal production Growth Health isease resistance Fertility Body c onformation Production

4.5Aspects to be improve d through selection (a\ Choosing animals with

4.6Genetic modification

4.6TWO techniques u sed in the genetic modification process Micro injection Gene gun/ Biolistics

4.6TWO disadvantages of genetically modified plants Health concerns/allergies Not enough research has been done Expensive Super weeds develop /reduced effectiveness of pesticides

4.6TWO advantages of genetically modifying plants Resistance to herbicides/insects/pests Resistance to harsh environmental conditions Plants have a lower water requirement Improved quality/ taste/flavour/nutritional value

Topics Identified

Plant ProductionAnimal ProductionAgricultural ManagementSoil Science

Mark Allocation

Total150 marks

Sections35 + 35 + 35 = 105 marks

Paper information

SubjectAgricultural Sciences

Year2019

SessionMay-June

TypeMemo

PaperPaper 2

LanguageEnglish

Pages11

Downloads5

Examination context

Decade2010s

Years ago7y

Season—

Start day—

Exam period—

Days since exam—

About Agricultural Sciences examination preparation

Grade 12 Agricultural Sciences combines scientific knowledge with the application and interpretation of agricultural concepts.

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