Information Technology Memo 2 (English)

May-June 2026 — Grade 12 / Matric — Information Technology

Memo 2026 Grade 12 English

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🎯 150 marks 📄 8 pages 📝 85 items found 📚 5 topics

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Q1— Section header —

1.1.1NFC (1\

1.1.2improve a website s visibility on a search engine. (1\

1.1.3HDMI (1\

1.1.4CSS (1\

1.1.5Google (1\

1.1.6Siya will know t hat Michael and Jane were invited. (1\

1.1.7Access Point (1\

1.1.8Megabytes per second (1\

1.1.9WHERE (1\

1.1.101\ (1\

1.2.1Big data (1\

1.2.2Digital certificate SSL certificate / TLS certificate (1\

1.2.3End User License Agreement( EULA Software license agreement (1\

1.2.4File extension (1\

1.2.5Multi tasking (1\

1.3.1TRUE (1\

1.3.2TRUE (1\

1.3.3FALSE, Bandwidth (1\

1.3.4FALSE, Topology (Also a ccept Star topology\ (1\

1.3.5FALSE, 16 (1\ TOTAL SECTION A: 20 Information Technology/P2 DBE/May/June 2026

Q2— Section header —

2.1Differentiate between a US flash drive and Hard Disk Drive ( HDD in terms of th

2.1Wh ile working on one of the computers in their testing lab, the following error message appear ed Error: Your system is low on virtual memory. Windows is increasing the size of your paging file

2.2.1Distinguish between the THR EE monitor related concepts (size, resolution and refresh rate\y explaining what EACH term refers to. (a\ hysical measurement of the monitor.

2.2.2(a\ Motivate why a monitor with a high refresh rate and low response time would be recommended for gaming purposes. Specifically state the advantage of EACH of the se TWO features for

2.3.1Explain the relationship between BIOS and CMOS. The BIOS settings / configurations are stored in CMOS memory (2\

2.3Give TWO reasons why customers are advised to update the BIOS settings of a computer system. Any TWO of: Fix firmware bugs

2.3State ONE potential risk of updating the BIOS settings on a computer system. Any ONE of: Interrupted updates (e.g. power failure\may render the system

2.4State TWO advantages that SaaS provides over traditional software licen sing models. Any TWO of: Automatic updates always the latest secure version

2.4State TWO disadvantages of using cloud services for storag purposes. Any TWO of Cloud storage depends on internet connectivity, so downtime

2.5.1Briefly e xplain what the purpose of a dev ice driver is Enables

2.5Give TWO examples of ower managemen t settings in an

2.5.3Write down TWO types of system software from the given list Any TWO of: Device Drivers Backup Software Operating system (2\ TOTAL SECTION B:

Q3— Section header —

3.1.1Why would a computer network better serve Compu art, rather than traditional stand alone PC s? Any TWO of:

3.1.2Briefly explain why a network operating system (NOS\is NOT required for a peer to peer network. Any ONE of: Each device

3.1.3Which c ommunication component is required for a computer to connect to a ome

3.1.4Which protocol allows for telephone cal ls to be made over the internet Voice over IP (VoIP\ (1\

3.1.5Name the protocol most c ommonly used to upload/download files on the Internet. HTTPS / HTTP / FTP BitTorrent (1\ Information Technology/P2

3.2.1Explain what a Wi Fi hotspot is. Physical location / access point / device providing Internet access / connecting to a network (2\

3.2.2State TWO risks associated with the us e of a public Wi Fi hotspot. Any TWO of:

3.3.1State TWO reasons to motivate why the store introduced remote desktop support rather than on site support. Any TWO of:

3.3.2(a\ Explain what an IP address is Unique address sed to identif

3.6.1Explain the role of a public key and a private key in SSL encryption. The public key is used to encrypt data sent to a server The private key is used to decrypt

3.6Discuss TWO func tions of a firewall in network security Any TWO of: Prevents unauthorised access (to the network\

3.6Motivate why a VPN is considered secure for browsing purposes. Hides the location/IP address Encrypts all data sent and received (2\ TOTAL SECTION C: 25

Q4— Section header —

4.1.1What is the pur pose of a DBMS? oftware designed to effectively manage organise data and control

4.1.2Motivate the implementation of a Database Management System (DBMS\y stating ONE benefit of having a DBMS. An y ONE of: Support data sharing Better data security

4.1.3Complete the table below by comparing the two types of database systems based on the given features FEATURE DISTRIBUTED DATABASE SYSTEM SERVER (CENTRALISED\ DATABASE SYSTEM Storage of data

4.2.1 What would be the resu lt of rolling back transaction T102? The transaction will be reversed /restored to its original status (1\ Information Technology/P2

4.2.2 Give ONE possible reason why a rollback needs to be done on a transaction in a database Any ONE of An error could

4.2Use the information in the given table to exp lain TWO benefits of keeping transaction log entries available as part of database management. Any TWO of

4.3Briefly explain the difference between validation and verification by explaining what EACH of these techniques does. Val idation ensures that data is sensible / correct format / correct range Verification is ensuring the correctness / accuracy of data.

4.4Briefly e xplain what a ecision upport ystem is.

4.5.1 State TWO advantages of using a relational database. Any TWO of Eliminates data redundancy Ensures data consistency Ensures data integrity

4.5.2 (a\ Define the term field. Smallest unit of data / single attribute in a table (1\ Information Technology/P2

Q5— Section header —

5.1.1The semicolon (;\t the end of the for loop statement causes the IF statement not to execute for each iteration Concepts: Identify the error (1\ Explain the result of the error which c auses the incorrect output (1\

5.1.216 (1\

5.2.1arrNum1 (1\

5.2.2Binary search must be done on an ordered/sorted array (1\

5.2.3iMid := ow(arrNumbers\ igh(arrNumbers\ DIV 2 (2\

5.3Lin e No. sOut iLoop iCnt iLoop <> iCnt ? Output

5.4.1Append(tFile\ (1\

5.4.2Any ONE of: If the file is not found If the file is already in use /open (1\

5.5.1(a\ Procedure setPrice (rPrice : Real\ (3\ (b\ Function getPrice : Real;

5.5.2(a\ State TWO errors in the instantiate statement: The Class name and object name are swapped The argument list does not match the number/order of para meters in the constructor

5.5.3State the changes that will need to be ffected to the UML class diagram to ensure that all attributes of tem

Q6— Section header —

6.1Name the utility software that is available as part of Microsoft Windows that is used for removing temporary internet files and downloads Disk Cleanup

6.1.2State TWO potential benefi ts of a custom software installation versus a full software installation. Any TWO of: Select only the features required Save

6.1.3State ONE b enefit of performing regular system bac kups Any ONE of: Ensures important files can be restored if lost

6.2.1Name AND motivate the implementati on of TWO devices that can be used to allow customers to purchase items without staff assistance. Device 1 and correct aligned motivation Device 2 and correct aligned

6.2.2Describe TWO ways in which social media websites may be used to influence sales at the store

6.3Explain what a rootkit is. A program software that hides itself in a computer system Gi ves attacker unauthorised administrative access

6.3CompuMart is running a program known as CA TCHA which requires potential clients to identify distorted text when creating an account online. Motivate why the com pany is implementing this software. Any TWO of:

6.4.1Describe TWO advantages of using augmented reality in business perations Any TWO of: Keep customers interested / Improved customer engagement

6.4.2Discuss THREE key hardware requirements for running VR applications effectively and explain why these components are necessary. Any THREE of: Co mponent Explanation

6.5.1Give TWO reasons why data redundancy will have a negative impact on the efficiency of a DBMS. Any TWO of: Wastes storage space / backup size Data inconsistency Added maintenance Complicated data management

6.5.2Suggest TWO ways to improve the efficiency of processing/filtering database queries. Any TWO of: Normalise the database to reduce redundancy Optimised queries Archiving outdated data Ensure proper database design

6.6.1Describe ONE way that virtualisation can reduce the hardware costs for the customer. By running multiple virtual OS on one physical machine. (2\

6.6.2Explain TWO virtualisation features that enhance the process of recovering from disasters. Any TWO of: Snapshots/backups of virtual machines allow quick restoration of systems Cloning/replication of virtual machi

6.6.3Identify ONE challenge associated with implementing virtualisation. Any ONE of: Virtualisation requires hardwar e with high specifications Causes system resources to be strained Limited by the resources of the physical machine

Topics Identified

Word ProcessingDatabasesProgrammingNetworkingHardware

Mark Allocation

Total150 marks

Paper information

SubjectInformation Technology

Year2026

SessionMay-June

TypeMemo

PaperPaper 2

LanguageEnglish

Pages18

Downloads7

Examination context

Decade2020s

Years ago0y

Season—

Start day—

Exam period—

Days since exam—

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