Agricultural Sciences Memo 1 (English)

Feb-March 2012 — Grade 12 / Matric — Agricultural Sciences

Memo 2012 Grade 12 English Agricultural Sciences Hub →

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🎯 150 marks 📄 11 pages 📝 75 items found 📚 3 topics

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Q1— Section header —

1.1.3A X C D

1.1.5A X C D

Q1— Section header —

1.3.3Cross-breeding

1.3.5Feedlot

Q1— Section header —

1.4.1Cobalt

1.4.2Homogenous

1.4.3Indigenous

1.4.4Endothermic

1.4.5

1.1.2X B C D A B C X A B X B C D A B C X A B C X A B X

1.3.1Silage/green feeds

1.3.2Mineral licks/Lick

1.3.4Holding pen/crush (5 x 2\10\ (5 x 2\(10\ SECTION B

2.1B- omasum (2) he process of rumination occurs

2.2Digestibility of a feed Hay :10% of 15 kg=15 kg kg =13,5 kg dry material Digestible coefficient=

Q2— Section header —

2.1.1A- rumen

2.1.2Explanation of t Swallowed food (bolus\ (storage\ Mixing, moistening and softening by the fluid and bacterial action Reverse/retro-peristalsis takes place and food (cud\ The chewed food is swallowed and then fall into the reticulum

2.1.3Letters that correspond with the descriptions

2.1.4Synthesis of vitamins Synthesis of amino acids Digestion of cellulose Hydrolysis of proteins

2.2.115 kg -1,5 DM intake DM intake (kg\ = 70,4%

2.2.2(1\

2.2.3Crude fibre is not eas ily digestible/the more the crude fibre hence it makes the feed to be difficult to digest/the less the

2.3.2Pearson square calculation Sunflower oil cake meal DP 38 % = 5,1 parts sunflower meal

2.4Biological value of feedstuffs Description of the biological value x or a measure he amino-acids in the proteins

2.4.1BV = is the inde of the quality of the protein in a feed And gives an indication of t The efficiency with which a protein supplies nitrogen/amino- acid requirement of an animal

2.4.2Quality of proteins in ruminants and non-ruminants Ruminants: they form their ow n protein from feed protein through micro organisms in the Reticulo-rumen When these micro organisms die, the amino acids are released

2.3.1(a\ 20 40 60 80

3.1at lower temperatures) (2)2

2.4.3The biological value of different feeds 100 120 shmeal oya Whe Meat meal Feeds biological value(BV\

Q3— Section header —

3.1.1Pigs They are most effected by lower temperatures (lower growth rate

3.1.2Methods to protect animals against extreme weather Cold weather Natural or artificial shelter wit ed lights and fans Hot weather High temperatures: large fans/s prinklers/foggers that disperse Soya beans

3.2(2) constructing an animal shelter

3.1.3Advantages of constant body temperature The metabolic rate of the animal And not dependant on the env This will lead to a more effective utilisation/digestion/assimilation/abs orption of feed in the body for

3.1.4Cow Is bigger than the pig and less heat loss in ratio with body size Micro-organisms and rumen (fer Pigs that are smaller have a bi gger surface in relation with its More heat radiation Poultry production in South Africa

3.2.1Two types of production systems Extensive Intensive

3.2.2Three factors to consider when Location Design Type of animal Material Layout

3.2.3Breed tameness Type of animal breed Age of animal Physiological and health status of an animal Frequency of handling Facilities and equipment used Prevailing environment

3.3Structure (a) - 2 (b) - 1 (1) (1)1

3.2.4Characteristics displayed by animals to indicate fear, aggression and contentment Raised or pinned ears Raised tail Raised back hair Bared teeth Pawing the ground Snorting

3.3.2Characteristics of production system marked 2 Animals graze freely in camps Less capital intensive Few labourers needed Little human interference Free animal movement Minimal control and supervision of animals

3.4Describe the effect of crude fibre on the fat content crude fibre taken in by cows

3.3.3Comparison of production system ASPECT PRODUCTION SYSTEM 2 SYSTEM 3 (a\Environmental Environmental conditions (b\High drought No drought (c\on Relatively low

3.4.1The higher the quantity of the higher the fat content becomes in the milk

3.4.2fibre on milk yield At lower crude fibre content val At higher crude fibre values t he milk production becomes less (up

3.4.3The disease developed at There was a drastic drop in milk production

3.4.4Full recovery/animal recovered The animal completely recovered as the milk production [35]35

4.1Oestrus cycle oestrus (Any 3)

4.2Anoestrus (2)2

4.3together

Q4— Section header —

4.1.1THREE changes that take place wi th the follicle during the Follicle becomes bigger/grows/enlarged Ovum develops in the follicle Ovulation takes place/ovum is released Corpus Luteum develops

4.1.2(a\sterone Prepare the uterus for the re ception of the fertilised ovum Maintain pregnancy (b\ Oestrogen Characteristics of oestrus Increased blood supply to ut reception of the fertilised ovum Physiological causes of infertility

4.2.1Show no signs of oestrus Bull is totally unaware that the heifer/cow is in oestrus

4.2.2Ovaries and other general organs are underdeveloped No follicles develop and no estrogen can be secreted Development of the foetus

4.3.1Functions of the placenta Attaches embryo to the uterus wall Brings the blood vessels of the mother and embryo close Allows nutrients, gases, anti bodies and wastes to be excreted

4.3.2(a\Mummification (b\tion

4.4Foot-and-mouth disease may be killed and carcass not used/stock loss (1) TWO control measures of foot-and-mouth disease

4.5CONTROL OF TICKS IN CATTLE from reaching the adult stage of genetic inheritance

4.4.1Meat from infected animals cannot be marketed/infected animals (1\ 4.4.2 Quarantine animals Isolate infected animals Control movement of infected Kill infected animals Report to the veterinarian or stock inspector

4.4.3Three main types of livestock affected by foot-and-mouth Cattle Sheep Goats Pigs

4.4.4Symptoms of Foot-and-Mouth disease Sores in the mouth, on the tongue, and between hooves Excess saliva (spit\ Animals eat less food/decrease in appetite Animals walk as if Animals are weak

4.5.1More adult ticks are treated and fewer eggs are produced Eggs that precede to the larv ae and nymph st ages are prevented Areas that are highly infested are aggressively treated/no chance It breaks the resistance to the nor

4.5.2Two measures for prevention of resistance to acaricides Specific chemicals should not be repeatedly used so that ticks Sufficient strength dip mixtures should be used Breeding genetically modified breeds

4.6Internal parasites (Any 2)

4.5.3Two ways to deal with tick resistance The farmer should breed animals t hat are resistant to the ticks The farmers can biologically control the ticks using oxpeckers

4.5.4During March and April

4.5.5Burning the veld/pastures Dipping the animals regularly Resting some camps for long periods

4.6.1Animals lose condition under good feeding conditions Manure is watery Tail areas are dirty Swollen area under the jaw

4.6.2Wet condition/broken drinking trough Summer conditions/warmer weather Water-logged fields/marshy areas (Any 2\ TOTAL SECTION B:GRANDTOTAL: 105

Topics Identified

Animal ProductionAgricultural ManagementSoil Science

Mark Allocation

Total105 marks

Sections35 + 35 + 35 = 105 marks

Per-question sum129 marks

Paper information

SubjectAgricultural Sciences

Year2012

SessionFeb-March

TypeMemo

PaperPaper 1

LanguageEnglish

Pages11

Downloads5

Examination context

Decade2010s

Years ago14y

Season—

Start day—

Exam period—

Days since exam—

About Agricultural Sciences examination preparation

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